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Europe rethinks its 2035 combustion-engine ban: the eFuel exception

© A. Krivonosov
Brussels weighs softening the 2035 ban on new combustion cars, allowing eFuels and biofuels. Explore the pragmatic shift, PHEV impact, and charging hurdles.
Michael Powers, Editor

Europe’s plan to halt sales of new cars with internal combustion engines in 2035 may not be as definitive as it looked in spring. Under pressure from the auto industry and amid disputes over the state of charging infrastructure, Brussels is weighing a path that would keep combustion engines alive beyond the mid-2030s—on one strict condition: new vehicles would have to run on low‑emission, renewable fuels such as synthetic gasoline (eFuel) or biofuels. It reads less like a U‑turn and more like a pragmatic hedge.

This compromise aims to shrink the carbon footprint without wiping out segments where electrification is moving more slowly. Within the industry, examples include HVO100 (hydrotreated vegetable oil/fats) and synthetic fuels that could, at least in theory, substantially cut life‑cycle emissions compared with conventional petroleum products. The emphasis on “theoretically” is important here: expectations are high, but the proof still lies in application.

Questions remain. Would any relaxation also cover plug‑in hybrids and vehicles with range extenders, and what happens with those who continue to use fossil fuels? Equally crucial is what this does not change: even if the rules for new cars are softened, existing vehicles are unaffected—no one is banning their use on regular gasoline or diesel.